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Long Ditton is a residential suburb in Surrey, England on the boundary with the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames, London founded as a village occupying a narrow a strip of land in the medieval period. Neighbouring settlements include Hinchley Wood, Thames Ditton and Surbiton. Its northernmost part is south-west of central Kingston upon Thames, 11.3 miles from Charing Cross, and north-east of Guildford, the county town. It is briefly cut in its middle by the South Western Main Line and is bordered by a straight east-west spur road to meet the A3 in a cutting to the south. The old Portsmouth Road passes by the River Thames in the northern end of the village and the south bank here is privately owned. In both local economy and public transport the high street and railway stations at Hinchley Wood and Surbiton are the nearest such amenities. Surbiton has many restaurants and cafés. ==History== Ditton was a Saxon settlement in England which, by Domesday, was in lay but not ecclesiastical terms split in two, as it remains. This split was between the riverside manor and parish of Thames Ditton, and the longer, eastern area, Long Ditton, which is a long rectangle of land extending from developed land by the River Thames to Ditton Hill. In modern layout Ditton Hill reaches beyond the wide A3 which is joined on it by a spur of the A309 to Woodstock Lane South partially now in Claygate (and in address wholly in Esher post town).〔(Ecclesiastical Parish (an Ancient Parish in this instance), definition )〕 Two Dittons appears in the Domesday Book of 1086: ''Ditone'' and ''Ditune''. The one that became known as Long Ditton was held by Picot from (i.e. under) Richard Fitz Gilbert. The one that became known as Thames Ditton was held by Wadard under Bishop Odo. Long Ditton's Domesday assets were: 4 hides; 1 church, 1 mill worth 9s, 3½ ploughs, woodland worth 15 hogs, 1 house in Southwark paying 500 herrings. It rendered £2 10s 0d.〔(Surrey Domesday Book )〕 The ancient church dated in its earliest sections, partly from the 12th century and which had fallen into a bad state of decay by the 18th century. Various manors here supported the church and in return the vestry supported its inhabitants, including two in Tolworth. Merton Priory received all four neighbouring chapelries to Kingston under Henry I, therefore it is uncertain whether the manor had a church or chapel here at that period. Until the early 20th century the parish existed in two non-contiguous parts, Long Ditton proper and Tolworth. A strip of Kingston parish, its hamlet of Hook lay between the two parts. The traditional, western portion considered Long Ditton proper which remains was 〔 and on near-identical boundaries to today's ecclesiastical parish. In the 18th century a replacement church was built on its site, with a small Greek cross plan, built of brick.〔 With only the church listed buildings many properties are Victorian - its rectory house became very derelict in the early 20th century and the decision was therefore made to remove it. Its greater part was half-timber, it is pictured in Malden's book on the county as a whole and is probably of the 16th century.〔 In that century what is known of the village is its manor fell into the hands of a George Evelyn, whose family took a dynastic hold over the village's prosperity. The Evelyns had the foresight, or good fortune, to be producing gunpowder during a rather explosive period of history. Gunpowder mills proliferated across Long Ditton and beyond to keep up with demand, and the Evelyns set about buying up much of the country that was from 1640-1660 busied in self-conflict suing the profits the family's noted powder.〔 George's grandson John Evelyn, who gained posthumous fame for his ''Diary'', had to flee the country during the civil war as swathes of family land fell awkwardly between Royalist and Parliamentarian strongholds. It was John who gleaned further prestige for the family name with his assimilation into the Royal Court of Charles II. When St Mary's Church was re-built in 1880, and monuments erected to commemorate local dignitaries, there were few other Long Ditton celebrities to celebrate, and the place became something of an Evelyn shrine.〔 Burials in the churchyard include that of global business-founder and civil structural engineer Terence Patrick O'Sullivan, Sir Sydney Camm (aircraft designing engineer for Hawker) and Austin Partner, a victim of the sinking of the ''Titanic''.〔(encyclopedia-titanica.org )〕 Remains of the 18th century on-site replacement to the medieval church can be seen in the churchyard's garden of rest, strewn with flat, crypt-style church floor memorials to the Evelyn family and which is therefore listed in the Grade II category.〔Remains of the old church 〕 Only one of its memorials was moved to the present C of E (parish) church built in 1880, designed by George Edmund Street. Built of expensive stone material, it is primarily of buff-covered coursed marble stone with Bath stone dressings overlying this in part, such as forming decorative arches.〔Church of St Mary 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Long Ditton」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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